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VPN Protocols Explained (2026)

Your VPN protocol determines your speed, security, and compatibility. Here's everything you need to know to choose the right one.

Marcus Johnson — VPN & Privacy Analyst
Marcus Johnson·VPN & Privacy Analyst
Updated

Protocol Comparison

WireGuard

Since 2020 · Best for: Most users
Speed
Security
Compatibility

OpenVPN (UDP)

Since 2001 · Best for: Maximum compatibility
Speed
Security
Compatibility

OpenVPN (TCP)

Since 2001 · Best for: Restrictive networks
Speed
Security
Compatibility

IKEv2/IPSec

Since 2005 · Best for: Mobile devices
Speed
Security
Compatibility

NordLynx

Since 2020 · Best for: NordVPN users
Speed
Security
Compatibility

Lightway

Since 2021 · Best for: ExpressVPN users
Speed
Security
Compatibility

PPTP

Since 1999 · Best for: NEVER use
AVOID
Speed
Security
Compatibility

Quick Decision Guide

Default choice: WireGuard (or your provider's "Automatic" setting)

Restrictive network/firewall: OpenVPN TCP on port 443

Mobile with frequent Wi-Fi switching: IKEv2 or WireGuard

NordVPN user: NordLynx

ExpressVPN user: Lightway

Maximum privacy: OpenVPN with custom configuration

Deep dive: Read our full VPN Protocols Guide for detailed technical analysis of each protocol.

Frequently Asked Questions

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